Supplementary Material for: The Impact of Health Care Appointment Non-Adherence on Graft Outcomes in Kidney Transplantation D.J.Taber J.N.Fleming C.E.Fominaya M.Gebregziabher K.J.Hunt T.R.Srinivas P.K.Baliga J.W.McGillicuddy L.E.Egede 2016 <p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Non-adherence to medication is a well-studied and known cause of late allograft loss, but it is difficult to measure and prospectively monitor. The aim of this study was to assess if appointment non-adherence was correlated with medication non-adherence and a predictor of graft outcomes. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This was a longitudinal cohort study that used the National United States Renal Data System and veterans affairs health records data with time-to-event analyses conducted to assess the impact on graft and patient survival. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The number of transplants that were included in the analysis was 4,646 (3,656 with complete records); 14.6% of patients had an appointment no show rate of ≥12% (non-adherence). Appointment and medication non-adherence were highly correlated and both were significant independent predictors of outcomes. Those with appointment non-adherence had 1.5 times the risk of acute rejection (22.0 vs. 14.7%, p < 0.0001) and a 65% higher risk of graft loss (adjusted hazards ratio (aHR) 1.65, 95% CI 1.38-1.97, p < 0.0001). There was a significant interaction between appointment and medication non-adherence; those with appointment and medication non-adherence were at very high risk of graft loss (aHR 4.18, 95% CI 3.39-5.15, p < 0.0001), compared to those with only appointment non-adherence (aHR 1.39, 95% CI 0.97-2.01, p = 0.0766) or only medication non-adherence (aHR 2.44, 95% CI 2.11-2.81, p < 0.0001). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> These results demonstrate that non-adherence to health care appointments is a significant and independent risk factor for graft loss.</p>