Supplementary Material for: Chronic Urticaria in Returning Travellers: The Role of Anthelmintic Treatment Nahshoni A. Baum S. Barzilai A. Schwartz E. 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129785.v1 https://karger.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Supplementary_Material_for_Chronic_Urticaria_in_Returning_Travellers_The_Role_of_Anthelmintic_Treatment/5129785 <b><i>Background:</i></b> Chronic urticaria often poses a therapeutic challenge. The human immune response to helminths has a high degree of similarity to an allergic response in terms of skin manifestations, eosinophilia, and IgE elevation. Unfortunately, it is often complicated to diagnose such infections. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> We sought to assess the effect of empirical anthelmintic treatment among returning travellers diagnosed with chronic urticaria, without clear proof of helminthic infection. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a retrospective case series of 19 returning travellers with chronic urticaria. All patients were treated with anthelmintic treatment given based on clinical suspicion only. A randomly selected control group of 20 patients with chronic urticaria, with no history of travel, was also enrolled. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A positive clinical response was reported in 68.4% (13 patients) of the travellers' group within 3 months after treatment with anthelmintic therapy compared with 10% (2 patients) of chronic urticaria patients in the control group. No adverse effects from treatment were recorded. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In patients with chronic urticaria, travel history to developing countries must be obtained. Empiric anthelmintic therapy might be beneficial, even in the absence of findings suggestive of helminthic infection. 2016-06-01 00:00:00 Eosinophilia Albendazole Helminthic infection