10.6084/m9.figshare.5241400.v1 Aoyagi S. Aoyagi S. Hata H. Hata H. Homma E. Homma E. Shimizu H. Shimizu H. Erratum: Sequential Local Injection of Low-Dose Interferon-Beta for Maintenance Therapy in Stage II and III Melanoma: A Single-Institution Matched Case-Control Study Karger Publishers 2017 Interferon Melanoma Case-control study Adjuvant therapy Therapeutic efficacy Immunotherapy 2017-07-25 13:40:29 Dataset https://karger.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Erratum_Sequential_Local_Injection_of_Low-Dose_Interferon-Beta_for_Maintenance_Therapy_in_Stage_II_and_III_Melanoma_A_Single-Institution_Matched_Case-Control_Study/5241400 <i>Objective:</i> To determine the beneficial effect of maintenance therapy in stage II and III melanoma by sequential local injection of low-dose interferon-β. <i>Methods:</i> We reviewed 46 patients with stage II and III primary melanoma at our institution from 2004 through 2009. Twenty-one patients were treated with interferon-β maintenance therapy consisting of subcutaneous injection of natural interferon-β at a dose of 3 × 10<sup>6</sup> IU/day for 10 consecutive days, and 25 patients underwent observation alone. <i>Results:</i> Compared with all patients, overall survival and relapse-free survival were significantly worse in the observation group than in the interferon-β group (p = 0.024 and 0.029, respectively). In stage II, a significant difference in overall survival, but not in relapse-free survival, was seen between the two groups (p = 0.041). When the interferon-β group was stratified by subgroup, there was a statistical difference only between dosage and duration (p = 0.027 and p < 0.001, respectively). <i>Conclusions:</i> This study demonstrates that maintenance therapy by interferon-β is beneficial in the outcome of the disease without substantial toxic effects, especially in patients with stage II melanoma. Extension of the duration of treatment beyond 2 years could further improve the therapeutic efficacy of interferon-β.