10.6084/m9.figshare.5242108.v1 Igawa S. Igawa S. Sato Y. Sato Y. Ryuge S. Ryuge S. Ichinoe M. Ichinoe M. Katono K. Katono K. Hiyoshi Y. Hiyoshi Y. Otani S. Otani S. Nagashio R. Nagashio R. Nakashima N. Nakashima N. Katagiri M. Katagiri M. Erratum: Impact of PD-L1 Expression in Patients with Surgically Resected Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Karger Publishers 2017 Programmed cell death ligand-1 Squamous non-small-cell lung cancer Prognostic factor 2017-07-25 14:09:46 Dataset https://karger.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Erratum_Impact_of_PD-L1_Expression_in_Patients_with_Surgically_Resected_Non-Small-Cell_Lung_Cancer/5242108 <b><i>Background:</i></b> Immunotherapy can become a crucial therapeutic option to improve the prognosis of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we evaluated the impact of programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression in surgically resected NSCLCs. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We estimated PD-L1 expression in 229 consecutive NSCLC specimens using rabbit polyclonal antibodies to human PD-L1 in a SP263 immunohistochemical assay and evaluated PD-L1 expression for potential associations with clinicopathological parameters and survival time. <b><i>Results:</i></b> PD-L1 expression was significantly higher in tumors from men or current smokers. Squamous cell carcinoma histology was independently associated with high PD-L1 expression according to multivariate analysis (<i>p</i> = 0.015). The 5-year survival rate of patients was 70%, and the difference in the 5-year survival rate according to PD-L1 expression was not statistically significant (high expression group [67%] vs. low expression group [68%]); however, the squamous cell carcinoma group exhibited significantly lower 5-year survival rates as compared to the non-squamous cell carcinoma group (53 and 71%, respectively; <i>p</i> = 0.026). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Here, we revealed high PD-L1 expression and poor prognosis observed in patients with surgically resected squamous NSCLC as compared with non-squamous NSCLC. Our results support the identification of patient subsets that most likely respond to anti-PD-1 therapy as the first step in precision medicine.