10.6084/m9.figshare.8267645.v1 Wit J.M. Wit J.M. Kamp G.A. Kamp G.A. Oostdijk W. Oostdijk W. on behalf of the Dutch Working Group on Triage and Diagnosis of Growth Disorders in Children on behalf of the Dutch Working Group on Triage and Diagnosis of Growth Disorders in Children Supplementary Material for: Towards a Rational and Efficient Diagnostic Approach in Children Referred for Growth Failure to the General Paediatrician Karger Publishers 2019 Short stature Growth disorders Turner syndrome SHOX NPR2 IHH ACAN Microarray 2019-06-13 08:10:19 Dataset https://karger.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Supplementary_Material_for_Towards_a_Rational_and_Efficient_Diagnostic_Approach_in_Children_Referred_for_Growth_Failure_to_the_General_Paediatrician/8267645 Based on a recent Dutch national guideline, we propose a structured stepwise diagnostic approach for children with growth failure (short stature and/or growth faltering), aiming at high sensitivity for pathologic causes at acceptable specificity. The first step is a detailed clinical assessment, aiming at obtaining relevant clinical clues from the medical history (including family history), physical examination (emphasising head circumference, body proportions and dysmorphic features) and assessment of the growth curve. The second step consists of screening: a radiograph of the hand and wrist (for bone age and assessment of anatomical abnormalities suggestive for a skeletal dysplasia) and laboratory tests aiming at detecting disorders that can present as isolated short stature (anaemia, growth hormone deficiency, hypothyroidism, coeliac disease, renal failure, metabolic bone diseases, renal tubular acidosis, inflammatory bowel disease, Turner syndrome [TS]). We advise molecular array analysis rather than conventional karyotyping for short girls because this detects not only TS but also copy number variants and uniparental isodisomy, increasing diagnostic yield at a lower cost. Third, in case of diagnostic clues for primary growth disorders, further specific testing for candidate genes or a hypothesis-free approach is indicated; suspicion of a secondary growth disorder warrants adequate further targeted testing.