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Supplementary Material for: A Clinico-Radiological Study of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-Related Inflammation

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posted on 2019-09-24, 14:10 authored by Coulette S., Renard D., Lehmann S., Raposo N., Arquizan C., Charif M., Thouvenot E., Wacongne A., Viguier A., Bonneville F., Allou T., Boukriche Y., Chiper L., BlanchetFourcade G., Gabelle A., Ducros A., Duflos C., Labauge P., MenjotdeChampfleur N., Ayrignac X.
Objective: To describe the clinico-radiological features and long-term prognosis in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-ri). Methods: Twenty-eight CAA-ri patients were recruited retrospectively from 6 neurological centers. We recorded the clinico-radiological and biological data, at baseline and during follow-up. Baseline characteristics associated with relapse risk and prognosis were assessed. Results: Five patients had pathologically confirmed CAA-ri whereas 23 had probable (n = 21) or possible (n = 2) CAA-ri. The mean age was 72 years; main clinical symptoms included confusion (54%), hemiparesis (36%), and aphasia (29%). Cerebral MRI disclosed a brain parenchymal lesion (89%), which was usually multifocal (82%) and bilateral (89%). It was associated with gadolinium enhancement (84%), small ischemic lesions (39%), cortical superficial siderosis (CSS; 50%), and a high number of microbleeds (mean 240 ± 277). An isolated leptomeningeal involvement was observed in 3 patients with pathological confirmation. Despite a favorable initial evolution after treatment, we observed a 42% risk of relapse, mostly within the first year (83%). After a mean follow-up of 2 years, 29% died and 25% had a marked disability. Disseminated CSS was associated with death. Conclusion: Despite an apparently favorable initial evolution, CAA-ri is characterized by a poor prognosis. Diagnostic criteria should consider patients with isolated leptomeningeal involvement.

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