Supplementary Material for: Evaluation of the effectiveness of wet cupping therapy in fibromyalgia patients: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of wet cupping therapy (WCT) in patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) as a complementary method in fibromyalgia treatment. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 participants between 18-65 years who were diagnosed with FMS were included in the study. They were randomized into two groups: 60 patients as the intervention and 60 patients as the control group. Each participant in the intervention group received 3 sessions of WCT once a month in addition to their ongoing treatment whereas the control group received only routine medical treatment. The evaluation was conducted in both groups based on the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Quality of Life Scale (QoL) parameters initially (at 0th week) and 1 week after the WCT sessions (at the 10th week). For the comparison of quantitative variables showing a normal distribution between the two groups, the Student's t-test was used, while the Mann-Whitney U test was employed for variables not showing a normal distribution. The Chi-square test and Continuity (Yates) Correction were used for the comparison of qualitative data. The significance level was set at p<0.05. Results: The study included 107 female and 13 male participants, with a mean age of 45.79±8.49 years. When comparing the pre-treatment FIQ, VAS, and QoL scores with the scores obtained after three sessions of WCT, it was observed that in the WCT group, the FIQ and VAS values significantly decreased compared to the control group while the QoL significantly increased compared to the control group (p<0.001 in all). Conclusion: The findings obtained from this study indicate that WCT can be an effective treatment option for patients with FMS. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov Registration ID: NCT05253482 Date: 02/09/2022 Keywords: Complementary Medicine, Fibromyalgia, Wet Cupping Therapy, Hijama